Citrus japonica, also known as kumquat, is a small citrus fruit tree prized for its petite, flavorful fruits and ornamental appeal. This evergreen shrub or small tree features glossy, dark green leaves and produces fragrant white flowers in spring, followed by small, oval-shaped fruits that are typically orange or yellow in colour. Unlike other citrus fruits, kumquats are eaten whole, including the peel, which is sweet and aromatic. It's a popular choice for gardens, patios, and even as a houseplant, adding a touch of citrusy charm to various settings. It belongs to the Rutaceae family.
Origin: Citrus japonica is native to China and Southeast Asia.
Light: Citrus japonica thrives in full sun. It prefers at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day to encourage healthy growth and fruit production.
Water: Water regularly, especially during hot, dry periods. Allow the soil to dry out slightly between waterings, but avoid letting it dry out completely.
Soil: Citrus japonica prefers well-drained, slightly acidic soil. It thrives in fertile, loamy soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0.
Fertilising: Feed your Citrus japonica with a citrus fertiliser in spring and summer.
Temperature: Citrus japonica is not frost-tolerant and should be protected from cold temperatures. In cooler climates, it can be grown in a container and brought indoors during the winter months.
Pruning: Prune your Citrus japonica in late winter or early spring to shape the tree and remove any dead or crossing branches.
Pests and Diseases: Keep an eye out for common citrus pests and diseases, such as scale, aphids, and citrus canker.
Uses: The fruits of Citrus japonica are delicious eaten fresh, candied, or used to make marmalade, preserves, and other culinary creations.
Toxicity: Citrus japonica is not known to be toxic to humans. However, the leaves and unripe fruits contain psoralens, which can cause skin irritation in some individuals. They can be toxic to dogs and cats; it's best to keep Citrus japonica, out of reach of pets and to contact a vet if you suspect your pet has ingested any part of the plant.