Ficus microcarpa 'Ginseng' Bonsai, also known as the Chinese Banyan or Indian Laurel Fig, is a popular choice for bonsai cultivation due to its unique, thick, and often gnarled trunk, which resembles the shape of a ginseng root. This Ficus variety features small, glossy, oval-shaped leaves and can develop aerial roots that add to its intriguing appearance. It belongs to the Moraceae family.
The genus name Ficus is the Latin word for fig. Microcarpa means "small-fruited," referring to the plant's tiny figs. 'Ginseng' refers to the resemblance of the trunk to ginseng roots.
Light: Ficus microcarpa 'Ginseng' Bonsai thrives in bright, indirect light. It can tolerate some direct morning sun, but intense afternoon sun can scorch the leaves. A spot near a sunny window is ideal.
Water: Allow the top inch or two of soil to dry out slightly between waterings. Water thoroughly when you do water, ensuring any excess drains away. Overwatering can lead to root rot, while allowing the plant to dry out too much can cause leaf drop.
Potting mix: A well-draining bonsai soil mix is essential. These mixes typically consist of components like akadama, pumice, and lava rock to provide good drainage and aeration.
Fertilising: Feed your Ficus microcarpa 'Ginseng' Bonsai with a diluted balanced liquid fertiliser every 2-4 weeks during the growing season (spring and summer). Reduce or stop fertilising during the autumn and winter months.
Temperature: Ficus microcarpa 'Ginseng' Bonsai prefers typical room temperatures. It is not frost-tolerant and should be protected from cold temperatures and draughts.
Humidity: While it can tolerate average household humidity, it appreciates slightly higher levels. Using a humidity tray or grouping plants together can be beneficial.
Pruning and Shaping: Regular pruning and shaping are essential for maintaining the desired bonsai form. This includes pruning branches to maintain shape and size, as well as root pruning during repotting.
Repotting: Repotting is typically done every 2-3 years in the spring, using a slightly larger bonsai pot and fresh bonsai soil.
Toxicity: The sap of Ficus microcarpa can be irritating to the skin and eyes. It's best to keep it away from pets and small children.