Paeonia, commonly known as peonies, are a beloved group of flowering plants prized for their large, showy blooms and often fragrant flowers. These herbaceous perennials or deciduous shrubs are native to Asia, Europe, and Western North America. They are popular garden plants, adding a touch of elegance and beauty to any landscape. They belong to the Paeoniaceae family.
The genus name Paeonia is derived from Paeon (also spelled Paean), a student of Asclepius, the Greek god of medicine and healing. In Greek mythology, Paeon used a peony plant to heal Pluto, which incurred the wrath of Asclepius. Zeus saved Paeon from the wrath of Asclepius by turning him into the peony flower.
Light: Peonies thrive in full sun to partial shade. They prefer at least 6 hours of sunlight per day, but in hotter climates, they may benefit from some afternoon shade.
Water: Water deeply and regularly, especially during dry periods. Peonies prefer consistently moist soil, but avoid overwatering, which can lead to root rot.
Soil: Peonies prefer well-drained, fertile soil. Amend the soil with organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure, to improve drainage and fertility.
Fertilising: Fertilise peonies in early spring and again after flowering. Use a balanced fertiliser formulated for flowering plants.
Planting: Plant peony roots in autumn, ensuring the eyes (buds) are facing upwards and are no more than 2 inches below the soil surface. Space them about 3-4 feet apart to allow for growth.
Staking: Taller peony varieties may require staking to support the heavy blooms. Use stakes or peony rings to prevent the stems from bending or breaking.
Flowering: Peonies typically bloom in late spring or early summer. The blooms can be single, double, or semi-double, and come in a wide range of colors, including pink, white, red, and yellow. Deadhead spent blooms to encourage further flowering.
Dividing: Peonies can be divided every few years in autumn to maintain vigor and increase plant numbers.